Developing Artificial Intelligence Legislation in Thailand: Lessons from the European Union

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the most influential technology in the global digital transformation. The evolution of this technology will not only change the way people live, but also the way they perform even the most basic tasks. As AI rapidly advances and becomes increasingly ubiquitous, it is imperative to establish effective regulations to govern this technological innovation. This research firstly focuses on investigating the formation of a legal framework for AI in the European Union (EU) and Thailand. The results show that both the EU and Thailand are active and ambitious in developing a legal framework for AI. We have found that the approach of both jurisdictions is research-based and collaborative in the legislative process. In the second part, this research argues that the EU has developed its legal framework for AI in a manner which places greater importance on fundamental rights protection, while Thailand focuses more on supporting businesses and innovation with lesser fundamental rights concerns. This divergence in direction has led to a difference in the framework of obligations for high-risk AI systems. Accordingly, it is highlighted that Thailand could learn from the EU in order to support both businesses and innovation, while providing a more robust system of obligations for the parties involved, in particular with regard to the protection of fundamental rights.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI) Fundamental Rights Legal Framework Thailand The EU AI Act

ดร. ศตเนติ เนติภัทรชูโชติ – Dr. Stanati Netipatalachoochote. 2567 (2024). Developing Artificial Intelligence Legislation in Thailand: Lessons from the European Union. บทความ (Paper). สังคมศาสตร์ และมนุษยศาสตร์|Social Sciences and Humanities. นิติศาสตร์ (Laws). นิติศาสตร์บัณฑิต – Bachelor of Laws. น.บ. นิติศาสตร์บัณฑิต – LL.B. Bachelor of Laws. Bangkok: Siam University